IRS: Disclose Offshore Accounts or Go to Jail

Brian

That's pretty much the headline from a CNBC article on Friday. And it's true.

In 2009, 15,000 Americans came forward and admitted having foreign bank accounts. Unfortunately, Uncle Sam estimates there are some 500,000 more people hiding money offshore. Opening a bank account in another country isn't illegal. There are a whole host of reasons why people may wish to send money offshore. It only becomes illegal when you send money to a foreign country in the hopes of cheating Uncle Sam.

U.S. law makes it a felony if you fail to declare the income from foreign investments on your U.S. tax return and makes it illegal to not disclose the existence of the foreign account.

So what is a person to do? Taxpayers can do nothing and hope they don't lose the "audit lottery" (there are no winners with the IRS). Or taxpayers can come into compliance, report the account and pay the government ¼ of the highest dollar amount that was in the account. That's right, if you had an account with $200,000 in it, get out the checkbook and write a check to the IRS for $50,000.

Taxpayers wanting to take advantage of the current amnesty program (called the Offshore Voluntary Disclosure Initiative) must move quickly, however. Unlike the 2009 program, which simply said you had to apply be the deadline, the current amnesty requires that all missing forms ("FBAR's"), amended returns and payment must be made by the deadline. There is a great deal of paperwork involved with the new program, waiting until the last minute is a recipe for disaster.

Those that don't comply face prison and loss of 50% of their highest account value.

So what is the risk of getting caught? We think it is quite high.

Transparency within the international banking community is at an all time high. And the developed countries are exchanging information. That means if Germany obtains information about accounts in a Bermuda bank it will likely share that information with other countries.

The U.S. has been issuing "John Doe" subpoenas to foreign banks fishing for the names of American account holders. Countries like Germany have been bribing foreign bank officials to simply steal the information and turn it over.

Still not convinced? The IRS paid its first award under the new whistleblower program - $4.5 million to an accountant who reported his employer! If anyone, anywhere knows you have a foreign account; they may report you and keep a large percentage of what you pay.

The world suddenly got much smaller.

This is interesting article but I do not believe everything in it is correct. I have received numerous phone calls from participants in these plans and the IRS is auditing.  For the most accurate information contact: Lance Wallach at lancewallach.com or call 516-935-7346

Disclosures Notice 2007–85 This notice provides guidance to material advisors required to file a disclosure

Disclosures
Notice 2007–85
This notice provides guidance to material
advisors required to file a disclosure
statement.

Disclosures
Notice 2007–85
This notice provides guidance to material
advisors required to file a disclosure
statement by October 31, 2007, under
§ 301.6111–3 of the Procedure and Administration
Regulations.
BACKGROUND
On August 3, 2007, the Internal
Revenue Service and Treasury Department
published final regulations under
§ 301.6111–3 in the Federal Register
(72 FR 43157) providing the rules relating
to the disclosure of reportable transactions
by material advisors under section 6111
of the Internal Revenue Code. See T.D.
9351, 2007–38 I.R.B. 616. In general,
these regulations apply to transactions
with respect to which a material advisor
makes a tax statement on or after August
3, 2007. However, these regulations apply
to transactions of interest entered into on
or after November 2, 2006, with respect
to which a material advisor makes a tax
statement on or after November 2, 2006.
The regulations provide that each material
advisor, with respect to any reportable
transaction, must file a return as
described in § 301.6111–3(d). Section
301.6111–3(d) provides that each material
advisor required to file a disclosure
statement under § 301.6111–3 must file
a completed Form 8918, “Material Advisor
Disclosure Statement” (or successor
form). The Form 8918 must be filed with
the Office of Tax Shelter Analysis (OTSA)
by the last day of the calendar month that
follows the end of the calendar quarter
in which the advisor became a material
advisor with respect to the reportable
transaction or in which the circumstances
necessitating an amended disclosure occur.
Prior to the publication of the final regulations,
material advisors were required
to disclose reportable transactions on Form
8264, “Application for Registration of a
Tax Shelter.” Notice 2004–80, 2004–2
C.B. 963, and Notice 2005–22, 2005–1
C.B. 756, described the manner in which
the Form 8264 was to be completed.
INTERIM PROVISION
The next due date for disclosures by
material advisors is October 31, 2007. As
of the date of release of this notice, Form
8918 has not yet been published. The IRS
anticipates that the Form 8918 will be published
soon.
Due to the unavailability of Form 8918,
a material advisor required to file a completed
Form 8918 by October 31, 2007,
will be treated as satisfying the disclosure
requirement of § 301.6111–3(d) if the
material advisor files Form 8264 instead.
If Form 8918 is published on or before
October 31, 2007, material advisors may
choose to use either Form 8918 or Form
8264 for disclosures required to be filed by
October 31, 2007. For disclosures required
to be filed after October 31, 2007, material
advisors must use Form 8918 (or successor
form) unless instructed otherwise by the
IRS. Reportable transactions disclosed on
the Form 8264 should be disclosed in the
manner described in Notice 2004–80 and
Notice 2005–22.
EFFECTIVE DATE
This notice is effective October 16,
2007, the date this notice was released to
the public.
DRAFTING INFO

419 Important Tax Court Case

Commentary

The court basically determined that the Plan did not satisfy the requirements of Section 162(a).  The court found that Goyak could not deduct his contribution of $1.4 million into the Millennium Plan because it is not an ordinary and necessary business expense under section 162(a).

 The next issue is that the court determined that Goyaks $1.4 million contribution was taxable to Goyak because it was a constructive dividend. (In essence the plan is set up so he can get his money out)

T.C. Memo. 2012-13

UNITED STATES TAX COURT

JOHN K. AND DANA G. GOYAK, Petitioners v.

COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent

JOHN K. GOYAK & ASSOCIATES, INC., Petitioner v.

COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent

Docket Nos. 12990-07, 13022-07. Filed January 11, 2012.

Mark D. Allison and Kenneth M. Barish, for petitioners.

Alexander D. Devitis, Anne W. Durning, Roger P. Law, and

Vanessa M. Hoppe, for respondent.

MEMORANDUM FINDINGS OF FACT AND OPINION

GOEKE, Judge: With respect to John and Dana Goyak (Mr. and

Mrs. Goyak), respondent determined deficiencies in Federal income

taxes of $966,155, $1,848,500, and $1,217,910 for tax years 2002,

- 2 -

2003, and 2004 respectively. Respondent also determined

penalties under section 66621 of $193,231, $369,700, and $243,582

for 2002, 2003, and 2004, respectively, as well as an addition to

tax under section 6551(a)(1) of $42,742 for 2002.

With respect to John K. Goyak & Associates, Inc. (Goyak &

Associates), respondent separately determined deficiencies in

Federal income taxes of $199,503, $262,692, $297, $374,137,

$276,571, and $556,223 for tax years 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,

2001, and 2002, respectively. Respondent also determined

penalties under section 6662 of $55,314 and $111,245 for 2001 and

2002, respectively, as well as additions to tax under section

6551(a)(1) of $1,995, $11,820, $74, and $41,486 for 1997, 1998,

1999, and 2001, respectively.

These cases were consolidated for trial. As a result of

settlements between the parties, all issues in taxable years

other than 2002 have been resolved. The only remaining issues

relate to a $1.4 million contribution Goyak & Associates paid in

2002 to the Millennium Multiple Employer Welfare Benefit Plan

(Millennium Plan), a purported section 419A(f)(6) welfare benefit

fund. The issues remaining for decision are:

(1) Whether Goyak & Associates may deduct the $1.4 million

1Unless otherwise indicated, all section references are to

the Internal Revenue Code (Code) in effect for the years in

issue, and all Rule references are to the Tax Court Rules of

Practice and Procedure.

Lance Wallach - IRS Audits Focus on Captive Insurance Plans...

Lance Wallach - IRS Audits Focus on Captive Insurance Plans...

Help with Common IRS Problems

There are many problems you can run into with the IRS. The following is an overview and helpful information on some of these confusing issues.

· IRS Penalties
· Unfiled Tax Returns
· IRS Liens
· IRS Audits
· Payroll Tax Problems
· IRS Levies
· IRS Seizures
· Wage Garnishments

IRS Penalties

The penalizes millions of taxpayers each year. They have so many penalties that it's hard to understand which penalty they are hitting you with.

The most common penalties are Failure to File and Failure to Pay. Both of these penalties can substantially increase the amount you owe the IRS in a very short period of time.

To make matters worse the IRS charges you interest on penalties. Many tax-payers often find out about IRS problems many years after they have occurred. This causes the amount owed the IRS to be substantially greater due to penalties and the accumulated interest on those penalties.

Some IRS penalties can be as high as 75%-100% of the original taxes owed. Often taxpayers can afford to pay the taxes owed, however, the extra penalties make it impossible to pay off the entire balance.

The original goal of the IRS imposing penalties was to punish taxpayers in order to keep them in line. Unfortunately, the penalties have turned into additional sources of income for the IRS. So they are happy to add whatever penalties they can and to pile interest on top of those penalties. Your loss is their gain.

Under certain circumstances the IRS does abate, or forgive, penalties. Therefore before you pay the IRS any penalty amounts, you may want to consider requesting that the IRS abate your penalties.

Unfiled Tax Returns

Many taxpayers fail to file required tax returns for many reasons. What you must understand is that failure to file tax returns may be construed as a criminal act by the IRS. This type of criminal act is punishable by one year in jail for each year not filed.

Needless to say, its one thing to owe the IRS money but another thing to potentially lose your freedom for failure to file a tax return.

The IRS may file “SFR” (Substitute For Return) Tax Returns for you. This is the IRS's version of an unfiled tax return. Because SFR Tax Returns are filed in the best interest of the government, the only deductions you'll see are standard deductions and one personal exemption.

You will not get credit for deductions which you may be entitled to, such as exemptions for a spouse or children, interest and taxes on your home, cost of any stock or real estate sales, business expenses, etc.

Regardless of what you have heard, you have the right to file your original tax return, no matter how late its filed.

IRS Liens

The IRS can make your life miserable by filing Federal Tax Liens. Federal Tax Liens are public records that indicate you owe the IRS various taxes. They are filed with the County Clerk in the county from which you or your business operates.

Because they are public records, they will show up on your credit report. This often makes it difficult for a taxpayer to obtain any financing on an automobile or a home. Federal Tax Liens also can tie up your personal property, you cannot sell or transfer that property without a clear title.

Often taxpayers find themselves in a Catch-22 where hey have property that they would like to borrow against, but because of the Federal Tax Lien, they cannot get a loan. We can work toward getting the Tax Lien lifted so that you can borrow money on your property.

IRS Audits

The IRS can audit you by mail, in their offices, or in your office or home. The location of your audit is a good indication of the severity of the audit.

Typically, Correspondence Audits are for missing documents in your tax return that IRS computers have tried to find. These usually include W-2's and 1099 income items or interest expense items. This type of audit can be handled through the mail with the correct documentation.

The IRS Office Audit is usually with a Tax Examiner who will request numerous documents and explanations of various deductions. This type of audit may also require you to produce all bank records for a period of time so that the IRS can check for unreported income.

The IRS Home or Office Audit should be taken more seriously because the IRS auditor is a Revenue Agent. Revenue Agents receive more training and learn more auditing techniques than a typical Tax Examiner.

The IRS audits should be taken seriously because they often lead to other tax years and other tax problems not originally stated in the audit letter.

Payroll Tax Problems

The IRS is very aggressive in their collection attempts for past due payroll taxes. The penalties assessed on delinquent payroll tax deposits or filings can dramatically increase the total amount you owe in just a matter of months.

I believe that it is critical for a taxpayer to have an attorney for a representation in these situations. How you answer the first five IRS questions may determine whether you stay in business or are liquidated by the IRS. We always advise clients to avoid meeting with any IRS representatives regarding payroll taxes until you have met with a professional to discuss you options.

IRS Levy

An IRS Levy is the action taken by the IRS to collect taxes. For example, the IRS can issue a Bank Levy to obtain your cash in savings and checking accounts. Or the IRS can levy your wages or accounts receivable. The person, company, or institution that is served with the levy must comply or face their own IRS problems.

The additional paperwork this person, company, or institution, is faced with to comply with the IRS Levy often causes the taxpayers relationship with that person to suffer. Levies should be avoided at all costs and are usually the result of poor or no communication with the IRS.

When the IRS levies a bank account, the levy is only for the particular day the levy is received by the bank. The bank is required to remove whatever amount of money is in your account that day (up to the amount of the IRS Levy) and send it to the IRS within 21 days unless notified otherwise by the IRS. This type of levy does not affect any future deposits made into your bank account unless the IRS issues another Bank Levy.

An IRS Wage Levy is difficult. Wage Levies are filed with your employer and remain in effect until the IRS notifies the employer that the Wage Levy has been released. Most Wage Levies take so much money from the taxpayer's paycheck that the taxpayer doesn’t even have enough money to live on.

IRS Seizures

The IRS has extensive powers when it comes to Seizures of Assets. These powers allow them to seize personal and business assets to pay off outstanding tax liabilities. This occurs when taxpayers have been avoiding the IRS.

This is one of the IRS's ultimate weapons. They can seize cars, television sets, jewelry, computers, collectibles, business equipment, or anything with value which can be sold in order to acquire the money the IRS wants to pay off tax debts. If you are facing a seizure, you have a serious problem.

Wage Garnishments

The IRS Wage Garnishment is a very powerful tool used to collect taxes owed through your employer. Once a Wage Garnishment is filed with an employer. Once a Wage Garnishment is filed with an employer, the employer is required to collect a large percentage of each paycheck. The paycheck that would have otherwise been paid to the employee will then be paid to the IRS.

The Wage Garnishment stays in effect until the IRS is fully paid or until the IRS agrees to release the garnishment. Having wages garnished can create other debt problems because the amount left over after the IRS takes its cut is often small, so you may have difficulty with bills and other financial obligations.

Lance Wallach speaks at more than 20 conventions annually and writes for more than fifty publications about tax reduction ideas, abusive welfare benefit and retirement plans, captive insurance companies, cash balance plans, life settlements, premium finance, etc. He is a course developer and instructor for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and a prolific author. He has written or collaborated on numerous books, including, The Team Approach to Tax and Financial Planning; Avoiding Circular 230 Malpractice Traps and Common Abusive Small Business Hotspots; Alternatives to Commonly Misused Tax Strategies: Ensuring Your Clients Future, all published by the American Institute of CPAs. The CPA’s Guide to Life Insurance, and The CPA’s Guide to Trusts and Estates, both published by Bisk Education, and his latest book, Protecting Clients from Fraud, Incompetence, and Scams, published by Wiley. In addition, Mr. Wallach writes for various national business associations that sell his books to their members and others. He has been an expert witness on some of the above issues, and to date his side has never lost a case. Contact lanwalla@aol.com or visit reportabletransaction.com/IRSHelp.html

The information provided herein is not intended as legal, accounting, financial or any type of advice for any specific individual or other entity. You should contact an appropriate professional for any such advice.

Today's IRS audits are both targeted and coordinated

Today's IRS audits are both targeted and coordinated
Question: Are the IRS audits coordinated?

Answer: Yes. The IRS audits are both targeted and coordinated. They are targeted meaning that the IRS obtains a list of the participating employers in a plan promotion and audits the participating employers (and owners) for the purpose of challenging the deductions taken with respect to the plan. The audits are coordinated meaning that there is an IRS Issue Management Team for each promotion that has responsibility for both managing the promoter audit(s) and also developing the coordinated position to be followed by the Examination Agents. Their intention is that all taxpayers under audit will receive the similar treatment in Exam. There are also IRS Offices that specialize in 419 audits. For example, IRS offices in upstate New York and in El Monte California will manage many audits of specific promotions. Williams Coulson has significant experience in working with both of these offices.

Question: What is the general IRS position on these plans?

Answer: Though there can be some differences among plans, the basic IRS position is that the plans are not welfare benefit plans, but really plans of deferred compensation. As such, the contributions remain deductible at the business level but are included in the owner’s 1040 income for every open year and the value of the insurance policy with respect to contributions in closed years is included in the owner’s income either in the first open year or the year of termination or transfer. The IRS will normally apply 20% penalties on the tax applied and 30% with respect to non-reporting cases (see discussion below).

Question: Can the penalties ever be waived?

Answer:  Yes. The penalties can often be waived upon a showing of the taxpayer’s due diligence and good faith reasonable cause. For example, if the taxpayer can show reliance on an outside tax advisor who reviewed the plan and the law, the Examining Agent normally has the authority to waive the 20% negligence penalty. Note that there are different standards for waiving penalties among the IRS Offices. It is important to know the standards of each office before requesting a waiver.

Question: What if there is an opinion letter issued on the plan – will that eliminate penalties?

Answer:  Generally, the answer is a resounding – No. If the opinion letter was issued to the promoter or the promotion itself and a copy was merely provided to the taxpayer (even if the taxpayer paid for it), the IRS perceives the advice to be bias and not reasonable for reliance.

Question: What if the taxpayer relied upon the advisor who sold the promotion?

Answer:  The IRS also discounts any advice provided by parties who are part of the sales team for the promotion. It is possible to negate the bias against professionals involved in the sale if you can demonstrate that the professional was first a tax advisor and gave advice in that role and not as a salesman.

Question: What are the “listed transaction” penalties?

Answer: The IRS has identified certain multiple and single employer welfare benefit plans as listed transactions. Taxpayers who participate in listed transactions have an obligation to notify the IRS of their participation on IRS Form 8886. The Form 8886 must be filed with every tax return where a tax effect of the transaction appears on the return and for the first year of filing must also be filed with the IRS Office of Tax Shelter Analysis (OTSA). There are penalties that apply for the failure to file the Form 8886. The IRS position appears to be that although only the C corporation must file the 8886, if the business is a pass-through entity like an S Corporation, LLC or partnership, then the Form 8886 must be filed at both the entity level and also the individual level. The penalty for non-filing is 75% of the tax reduction for the tax year. Note that it is very clear that a plan does not have to be proven to be defective or abusive for the penalty to apply. Further, the IRS has made it very clear that they will construe the duty to disclose broadly. Thus, if there is even a possibility that a plan is a listed transaction, the taxpayer should consider strongly filing the Form 8886.

Question: Are there other negatives to not filing the Form 8886?

Answer:  Yes. In addition to the non-reporting penalty, the negligence penalty discussed above of 20% becomes 30% and is much more difficult to have waived. Further, the non-reporting penalty cannot be appealed to tax court. Therefore, the only recourse is to pay the penalty, file for a refund and fight the case in District Court.

Question: Whose responsibility is it to notify taxpayers of the need to file Form 8886?

Answer:  It depends. Many promoters take the initiative to inform their customers that the promotion may be considered to be a listed transaction and that they should consider filing Forms 8886, though some promoters have actually taken the opposite view and have directed customers to not file the Form 8886 to keep them off the IRS radar. These promoters face potential liability if the penalties are assessed. Because the Form 8886 is filed with the tax returns, it may be partly the responsibility of the CPA who prepares the returns to file the Form, though many CPAs may not know that the transaction is a listed transaction or how to prepare the Form. From the IRS perspective, the responsibility is clear – it is the taxpayer who bears the ultimate responsibility and will be penalized if the Form is not filed.

Question:  Are some plans better than others?

Answer:  Yes. Even though the IRS appears to have thrown a giant net over the entire industry, I have observed that many promoters have worked hard to develop a plan that complies with the tax law. The plans are supported by substantial legal and actuarial authority and make it clear that they are welfare plans and not deferred compensation plans. These plans are often very strong in their marketing materials as to the nature of the plan and also provide for less deductible amounts. On the other hand, some promotions have ignored new IRS Regulations (issued in 2003) and continue to sell and market plans that have been out of compliance for years. They make no attempt to bring their plans into compliance and seek to stay under the radar by directing their customers to not file Forms 8886.

Question:  Do taxpayers have causes of action?

Answer:  Maybe. We see two potential causes of action. First, in cases where the promoter has either created a defective product, or has turned a blind eye towards law changes, the promoter and potentially the insurance companies may have liability for the creating, marketing, endorsing and selling a defective product. Second, where planners have sold the product to customers improperly, by describing the plan as a safe, IRS approved retirement plan with unlimited deductions, they may have liability for fraudulent sales.

I do not agree with everything in this well written sales pitch. As an expert witness Lance Wallach’s side has never lost a case. I only know of two people that have successfully filed under IRS 8886, after the fact. Many of the hundreds of phone calls that I receive each year involve misfiling of 8886 forms.

If you are, or were in an abusive tax shelter like a 419 or 412i plan to time to act is now. If you are in a captive insurance or section 79 plan you should speak with someone that does not sell them. Many former promoters of abusive 419 plans now sell captive insurance or section 79 plans. IRS audits those plans. Who should you believe as many people still promote these scams?

Google Lance Wallach and the man pushing the plan.

IRS Attacks FBAR Offshore Bank Accounts and Foreign Income

You may want to think about participation in the IRS' offshore tax amnesty program (called the Offshore Voluntary Disclosure Initiative). Do you want to play audit roulette with the IRS?  Some clients think they are too small to be prosecuted. They are wrong.

To the average businessperson, only the guys with tens of millions secretly stashed in Swiss bank accounts get prosecuted. Don't tell that to Michael Schiavo, he was just prosecuted for hiding money in a Swiss account back in 2003. How much money does the IRS say he hid? A whopping $90,000. That's it.

But wait, there is more to the story. Schiavo attempted to do a quiet disclosure during the 2009 amnesty but instead of filling out the amnesty paperwork, he simply trusted that by coming forward voluntarily he could avoid criminal prosecution. He was wrong on all counts, nothing is too small for the IRS, and nothing is too old.

To continue reading, click here

IRS Fines Innocent Accountants: IRS Assistance

IRS Fines Innocent Accountants: IRS Assistance